Within the UK, England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales have internal legal systems that are aimed at protecting children. They have developed laws that help protect children from neglect or abuse. These systems consist of legal acts, guidelines and practices that aim to identify those children who are at risk of harm. Protective and preventive measures are also taken. Despite differences within the systems, they are based on similar principles that Dr. Zawiślak describes.
In this expert opinion, Dr. Michał Zawiślak describes various solutions in this area within the British system. They focus primarily on involvement in work on reducing poverty and inequality, as well as changing child protection practices. The literature points to 2 problematic issues:
1) parents’ contacts with the child protection system are difficult or incapacitating;
2) parents’ access to independent non-legal advocacy is beneficial.”
The author emphasizes that in both England and Wales there are many non-judicial measures against minors breaking the law, which allows for more flexible responses and taking appropriate actions in specific cases. This diversity concerns the forms but also the entities that can undertake such activities. Dr. Zawiślak characterizes and describes them in his work and emphasizes that „British solutions can be taken into account when creating Polish regulations, with the reservation that some of them must be appropriately modified to Polish conditions.”
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